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Objective:To observe the multimodal imaging features of the eyes with acute syphilitic post-polar squamous chorioretinitis (ASPPC) at different stages of disease.Methods:A retrospective case study. From July 2016 to March 2019, 8 patients (11 eyes) of ASPPC patients diagnosed in the ophthalmological examination of Yunnan Second People's Hospital were included in the study. Among them, there were 7 males (10 eyes) and 1 female (1 eye); the average age was 48.7±8.9 years; the average course of disease was 13.24±11.30 months. All patients underwent fundus color photography, infrared photography (IR), FAF, FFA, OCT, OCT angiography (OCTA). According to the stage and characteristics of the disease, the affected eyes were divided into acute phase and absorption phase, with 7 and 4 eyes respectively. We observed the color fundus images of ASPPC, IR, FAF, FFA, OCT, OCTA image characteristics of different disease stages.Results:In the acute phase, the posterior pole subretinal yellow-white squamous lesions, neuroepithelial detachment, and yellow-white exudates were observed in fundus color photography; uneven infrared reflections can be seen in the lesion area by IR; the posterior pole was round or scaly with strong autofluorescence in FAF, the range was larger than the fundus color photography; FFA arteriovenous stage lesions showed fuzzy weak fluorescence, the fluorescence gradually increased with time, the late stage showed a round-shaped strong fluorescence, surrounded by a weak fluorescence ring, and the area with thick exudation was covered by fluorescence; the neuroepithelium of the diseased area was detached, the uniform strong reflection signal can be seen in it by OCT. In the absorption phase, fundus color photography showed the yellow-white scaly lesions under the posterior retina absorption, and the pigment was slightly depleted; IR showed the mottled infrared reflection in the lesion area was significantly reduced compared with the acute phase; FAF showed the posterior spot-like strong autofluorescence, including "leopard spot-like changes" 3 eyes; FFA showed mottled fluorescent staining in the lesion, and no fluorescein leakage or accumulation; OCT showed needle-like protrusions in the RPE layer, and the outer membrane and ellipsoid zone were unclear; OCTA showed weakened choroidal capillary blood flow signal, the signal was missing in some areas.Conclusions:In the acute phase of ASPPC, the posterior pole subretinal shows yellow-white squamous lesions, neuroepithelial detachment, yellow-white exudate, FFA shows late fluorescein leakage in the lesion area; in the absorption period, the fundus shows yellow-white lesions have been absorbed, and FFA shows fluorescence dyed without any leakage. OCT indicates that the RPE, outer membrane and ellipsoid zone are damaged to varying degrees. OCTA indicates that the choroid of the diseased area had weakened blood flow signal.
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Background Elevated intraocular pressure leads to the loss of retinal ganglion cells and vigorous reaction of retinal glial cells.The expression of nestin in retinal glial cells secondary to hypertention and its significance are unclear.ObjectiveThis study aim to investigate the expression of nestin in retinal glial cells (RGCs) in ocular hypertention rats.Methods The ocular hypertention models were established by cauterizing the limbus-draining veins in the right eyes of 42 SD rats,and a conjunctival incision in the left eyes of the rats served as the sham group.The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with the Tono-Pen XL tonometer.The number of RGCs in the rats with ocular hypertention was counted.The expression of the nestin protein in RGCs was semi-quantitatively analyzed using Western by immunochemistry.Double immunofluorescence was carried out to evaluate the the confocal laser scaning microscope.Results Significant differences were found in the IOP between the model group and the sham group at various time points (P＜0.05).In 1 week to 3 weeks after operation,the number of RGCs significantly declined in the model group compared with the sham group (P＜0.05).Immunochemistry showed that from 2 hours through 1 week after operation,the expression of nestin was gradually enhanced in the model group in comparison with the sham group.Western blot revealed that the expression of the nestin protein reflected a similar tendency to that of immunofluorescence.The increased introcular pressure as manifested by the induced expression of nestin.Immunoelectron microscopy also confirmed the induced expression of nestin especially at their end-feet suggests a potential neuroprotective mechanism in neuronal degeneration.Nestin may be a useful biomarker for retinal injury study.
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Objective To observe the contents of acid phosphatase (ACP) of Oncomelania snails infected with Schistosma japonicum.Methods Both the blood lymphocytes of positive and negative Oncomelania snails were dyed with the histochemistry staining method and their ACPs were observed under a microscope. Results The contents of ACP in the positive Oncomelania snails increased, being significantly higher than those in the negative snails. Conclusion The contents of ACP increase in Oncomelania snails infected with Schistosoma japonicum and ACP may have the defence function.